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Fauna

ODOROUS KRASOTEL

Class: INSECTS (INSECTA)
Group: COLEOPTEROUS (COLEOPTERA)
Family: GROUND BEETLES (CARABIDAE)

Look: CALOSOMA SYCOPHANTA (LINNAEUS, 1758)
         PAHUCHY KRASATSEL

Category of protection: I CATEGORY



International importance:
It is included in Red Lists of Lithuania, Ukraine, Russia. In a number of the countries (Germany, Poland, the Czech Republic, Hungary) are under protection.

Description:
The large, brightly painted bug 22-33 mm long. The lateral edging of a perednespinka is continued to its back corners. Head, perednespinka and most part of a bottom of a body dark blue. Wing sheaths golden-green with copper-colored outflow, they wide, with the acting humeral corners. The larva mobile, black, the IX segment of a paunch from above with a bright orange spot, length of a body is up to 38 mm. Short moustaches, oral device, shins, pads and paunch black.

Rasprostraniyeniye:
West palaearctic mesophilic look. The Southern and Central Europe, including the South of England and Sweden, the Western Asia (Siberia, East Kazakhstan, the South of Altai), North Africa. It is acclimatized in North America for fight against an unpaired silkworm. In the last 40 years in Belarus instructions are absent. It is authentically known only from Bialowieza Forest. In Belarus there passes the northeast border of an area. In 1936 it was noted in the Vitebsk district.

Habitats:
The broad-leaved woods (especially oak groves), are more rare coniferous forests, gardens and parks.

Biology:
Predator. Bugs and larvae destroy generally caterpillars and dolls of Lepidoptera among whom there are wreckers of the wood - unpaired and annulate silkworms, the nun, crested birds, the browntail, etc. Bugs winter in the soil and a forest laying. Pairing and an otkladka of eggs in the spring or at the beginning of summer. Are active in the afternoon, climb up trees. Development of larvae and dolls lasts about 2 months. Females lay about one hundred eggs which in 3-15 days leave larvae which pass 3 phases of development and turn into dolls, and in 10-18 days there are bugs. Young bugs appear in August-September. The part of individuals winters and 2-3 times lay eggs.

Number and tendency of its change:
It is very rare. Single copies meet.

Major factors of threat:
The considerable loss to a look is caused by economic activity in the woods. The look is very sensitive to toxic chemicals and herbicides, fishing of bugs by collectors.

Protection measures:
The look is included in the 2nd edition of the Red List of Republic of Belarus (the III category). Reduction of processings of forests toxic chemicals and protection of habitats is necessary. Ban of catching of bugs. Promotion of protection of a look. In Belarus moving is expedient.


Originators: Hotko E.I...


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