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Fauna

HERMIT OR VOSKOVIK-OTSHELNIK

Class: INSECTS (INSECTA)
Group: COLEOPTEROUS (COLEOPTERA)
Family: PLASTINChATOUSYE (SCARABAEIDAE)

Look: OSMODERMA EREMITA (SCOPOLI, 1763)
        PUSTELNIK, ABO VASKAVIK-PUSTELNIK

Category of protection: III CATEGORY

International importance:
It is protected in Europe (The appendix II of the Bern convention). It is included in the MSOP Red list (VU, ver. 2.3, 1994); in Red Lists of Lithuania, Ukraine, Russia.

Description:
The bug of a wide oval form flattened from above. Length of a body is 22-33 mm, width - 12-18 mm. Coloring black-brown with metal green outflow. Perednespinka with a wide longitudinal vdavleniye in the middle.

Rasprostraniyeniye:
The look is widespread in Europe. The northern border of an area reaches Scandinavia, east - the southern Cisural area. The southern border passes on the South of Moldova and Ukraine. The isolated populations are noted in the woods in foothill areas of Krasnodar Krai. In Belarus it is widespread on all territory.

Habitats:
Lives in the old broad-leaved woods and parks. Existence of a look requires existence of old hollow and mouldering trees, mainly an oak, a crab, a pear, a willow.

Biology:
Lyot bugs it is observed since the end of June prior to the beginning of August. Imagos eat the following juice on trees. The larva develops till 3 years in mouldering wood in hollows and stubs. Reaches in length of 100 mm. Okuklivaniye comes in the same place in a cocoon from the pieces of wood which are stuck together by excrement.

Number and tendency of its change:
Meets seldom and it is single across all territory of Belarus.

Major factors of threat:
Rejuvenation of the deciduous woods therefore the quantity of hollow trees decreases.

Protection measures:
The look is included in the 2nd edition of the Red List of Republic of Belarus (the II category). Preservation of separate old hollow trees in the woods and parks and sites of the old-age broad-leaved woods.
 

Originators: Derunkov A.V.