Falkovsky Dmitry Nikanorovich

Dmitry Nikanorovich Falkovsky, nee Dmitro Levchuk is the Polesia poet, the translator writing in Ukrainian was born on November 3, 1898, in a country family, in the village Big Lepesa of the Kobrin County of the Grodno province of the Russian Empire. The father is Nicanor Vasilevich Levchuk, Mother — Maria Gerasimovna. The family was poor — the father worked at brick-works. Got primary education at rural school. Continued education in Kobrin real school and the Brest-Lithuanian gymnasium. From 14 years was fond of literature and began to write verses, loved national songs and music of Chopin for whose game of works he learned musical notation bought a cheap piano. Did not end a gymnasium as in 1915 during war Brest was occupied by Germans.

Well knowing German, Dmitry Nikanorovich Falkovsky carried out propaganda among the German soldiers. Got to camp, but could run. In 1918 ended ukrainovedeniye courses which were taken in the territory of the Brest fortress. Short time worked as the teacher at the Ukrainian school in the native village.
Underground and party activity

Underground and party activity
In September, 1918 entered the Kobrin underground cell of RCP(b), in November, 1918 became one of initiators of creation in the Kobrin County of guerrilla group which conducted military operations up to defeat by the Polish troops in the spring of 1919. In 1920 — 1923 worked in the Extraordinary Commission (VChK) in Belarus where it was accepted thanks to the gymnasia companion F. Fedosyuk who created group of the Soviet militia and department of ChubChK in Kobrin. After "A miracle on Vistula" parts of Red Army began retreat then Dmitry Levchuk appeared in Gomel.

Creativity
In 1923, having got sick with tuberculosis, it was transfered to the reserve and moved to Kiev where married Siberian Lilia Zolotavina. The same year replaced a surname on Falkovsky. It is the most probable that the new surname was made from the German word "falke" designating "falcon". Perhaps, there was a communication with the German word "volk" — "people". In Kiev Dmitry Nikanorovich Falkovsky worked as the secretary in editorial office of the Kino magazine (1927 — 1933). Wrote verses, sketches, film scripts, responses on movies, actively was engaged in poetry translations. As the poet debuted on pages Kiev
Bolshevik, Globe and Chervony Way editions. Known works of this period of the poem "Security officer", "Krask", "Selkor", "_ogan", "Comrade Gnat", "Shepherd". The lyrical hero of these works — the uncompromising fighter of revolution, the rebel.

Soon Falkovsky comes to reconsideration of the creativity. In the poem "Shepherd" (1925), collections "Obr _ §" (1927), "On big fires і" (1928), "Pol_ssya" (1931) to the first role comes an image of the native earth, in them the Polesia motives are more and more heard.

Worked with various literary associations of Kiev: "Metal", "Plough", "Lanka" (since 1926 "MARS"). At a new stage of creativity dropped a deep hint of doubt in adequacy of uzkoklassovy understanding of "proletarian culture", came to understanding of universal cultural values in literature. It was accused by criticism of decadence. The poem "Ocheret Men_ Buv for a Koliska …" written by Falkovsky set to music, perhaps, him became the Ukrainian national song and exists in several options.

Repressions and execution
On December 1, 1934 Sergey Kirov was killed, it was officially declared that Kirov fell a victim of conspirators — enemies of the USSR. The new creative position of the poet had obviously not in the place. On December 14, 1934 Dmitry Nikanorovich Falkovsky, and also some other writers: Kosinka, Vlizko, Burevy, R. Shevchenko (only 28 people) accused at visiting session of the Moscow Military board of the Supreme Court of the USSR under the leadership of Vasily Ulrich "of the organization of preparation of acts of terrorism against figures of the Soviet power …" and creation of the anti-Soviet underground organization "Association of the Ukrainian Nationalists" were sentenced to death. The sentence was carried out on December 17, 1934. Ashes of the poet are probably in brotherly burials on the Lukyanovsky cemetery in Kiev. It is rehabilitated in December, 1957.

Memory
The memorial sign was opened for Dmitry Falkovsky in 1998 in the village Big Lepesa (Kobrin district of the Brest region) by efforts of members of the Prosv_ta organization of Kobrin, Brest and Malorita. Also in his honor the street on which there was a native home of the poet was called.

Memorial sign - stone Stella on a pedestal with beds for flowers. The portrait of the poet and an inscription is applied on Stella:
"Here having arisen with ukra§nskiya Dmitro Falk_vsky (Levchuk) sings
9 zhovtnya 1898 - stracheniye at grudn_ 1934
V_d of fellows villager і Prosv_t's tovaristvo of m Kobrin і Malorita
Ocheret men_ buv for a koliska,
In bogs I having been born і zr_s.
I love the hut to a pol_sk...
I love sv_y zazhureniye l_s..."
After the quote - the image of the autograph of the poet.

The poem "Ocheret Men_ Buv for a Koliska …" written by Falkovsky set to music, perhaps, him became the Ukrainian national song.



Literature:
1. M_khas Shvedzyuk. Nashyya surodz_cha: Dzm_tra Falko¸sk_
2. Falko¸sk_ Dzm_try N_chyparav_ch
3. Dmitro Falk_vsky (1898 — 1934).
3. In Kobrin district celebrate the 110 anniversary of the Ukrainian classic Dmitry Falkovsky.
4. List of streets of the village Big Lepesa.
5. To you, Sv_ta. Ukra§nska of a l_teratur of Beresteyshch_n_//P_d. edition Tsvid Anton Petrovich. — Ki§v, 2003. — Page 190.
6. Materials of Wikipedia http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Фальковский,_Дмитрий_Никанорович

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