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Flora

PELTIGERA HORIZONTAL

Type: LICHENS (LICHENES)
Department: LICHENS (LICHENES)
Class: MARSUPIALS LICHENS (ASCOLICHENES)
Order: PELTIGERALNYE (PELTIGERALES)
Family: PELTIGEROVYE (PELTIGERACEAE)

Look: PELTIGERA HORIZONTALIS (HUDS.) BAUMG.
         PELTYGERA GARYZANTALNAYA

Category of protection: 2



International importance:
It is included in the 2nd edition of the Red List of Belarus (1993). It is protected in Poland.

Description:
Sloyevishche listovaty krupnolopastny, up to 150 mm long, sometimes forms roundish sockets. Blades 10-30 mm wide, with the rounded-off ends and the rising smooth wavy edges. Top surface of a sloyevishch smooth, brilliant, bluish or brownish-gray, olive; lower - on edge whitish, in a middle part and to the center usually motley from a network of the wide brownish hanging-down veins merging in almost continuous voylochek. Rizina are usually located bunches, the mower is more rare in the form of brushes or narrow. Apotetion shirokoelliptichesky, horizontal, are located on the ends of blades. Disputes on 8 in a bag, four-cellular.

Rasprostraniyeniye:
Europe, Asia (China, Japan), North and tropical Africa, North America (USA, Canada), Newfoundland, Tasmania. Very rare representative of a relic complex of the subarctic period growing in forest belts of mountains and on the plain. In Belarus it is found in Gomel (the Lelchitsky district), Grodno (Svislochsky district) and Minsk (Logoysky district) areas.

Habitats:
Grows in damp places of the fir and chernoolkhovy forests at the basis of trunks of trees, on the soil usually among mosses and ferns.

Biology:
Breeds askospor.

Number and tendency of its change:
Usually meets separate individuals, more rare small groups. The last time was noted in collecting in 1987.

Major factors of threat:
Cutting down of the old-age fir and chernoolkhovy forests, drying melioration.

Protection measures:
Grows in National park "Bialowieza Forest". The constant control of a condition of the known populations and the organization of purposeful search of new places of growth of a look in similar conditions, preservation of the habitats meeting the requirements of a look are necessary. For this purpose the ban of any silvicultural activity in places of growth and drying and meliorative works near its localities, prevention of excessive recreational loads of a live ground cover is required.

Originators: V. V pigeons.